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قَٰتِلُوهُمۡ يُعَذِّبۡهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِأَيۡدِيكُمۡ وَيُخۡزِهِمۡ وَيَنصُرۡكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَيَشۡفِ صُدُورَ قَوۡمٖ مُّؤۡمِنِينَ
(14) Fight them; Allah will make them suffer at your hands, disgrace them, grant you victory over them, heal the hearts of ˹some˺ Believing folks[2038],
[2038] This could mean all the dispossessed who were subjected to oppression and were long aggressed against (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿĀshūr). However, exegetes are of the opinion (cf. Ibn Kathīr, al-Shinqīṭī, al-ʿAdhb al-Namīr) that these are the Banū Khuzāʿah clan, the allies of the Messenger (ﷺ) who were under his protection as per the Hudaybiyah Treaty, whom the Qurayshites and their allies, the Banū Bakr clan, had mercilessly slaughtered and traumatised, thus violating their pact with the Messenger (ﷺ).
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وَيُذۡهِبۡ غَيۡظَ قُلُوبِهِمۡۗ وَيَتُوبُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَآءُۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
(15) and dispel the bitterness of their hearts. Allah relents on whoever He wishes[2039]—Allah is indeed All-Knowing, All-Wise.
[2039] Whoever repents of these fervent Deniers, God will accept his repentance (cf. al-Muyassar).
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أَمۡ حَسِبۡتُمۡ أَن تُتۡرَكُواْ وَلَمَّا يَعۡلَمِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ جَٰهَدُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَلَمۡ يَتَّخِذُواْ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا رَسُولِهِۦ وَلَا ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ وَلِيجَةٗۚ وَٱللَّهُ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ
(16) Or you ˹Believers˺ thought that you would be left ˹alone˺ ere Allah Knows[2040] those of you who strove and did not take any, besides Allah, nor the Messenger, nor the Believers as bosom friends[2041]—Allah is indeed Knowledgeable of whatever you do.
[2040] An all-evident knowledge, seen by all, on which reward and punishment are based (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Zajjāj, Maʿānī al-Qur’ān, Ibn al-Jawzī): “Allah would not have left the Believers as you were, until He sorted out the bad from the good…” (3: 179); “Do people think they will be left alone after saying: “We Believe” without being put to trial?” (29: 2); “And We shall test you until We know those among you who strive ˹in the path of Allah˺ and those who are patient, and We shall verify your proclamations” (47: 31).
[2041] An inner circle of close confidants (walījah) among the Deniers with whom they align themselves and to whom they reveal the Believers’ secrets (cf. 5: 51-53, al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr).
[2041] An inner circle of close confidants (walījah) among the Deniers with whom they align themselves and to whom they reveal the Believers’ secrets (cf. 5: 51-53, al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr).
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مَا كَانَ لِلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ أَن يَعۡمُرُواْ مَسَٰجِدَ ٱللَّهِ شَٰهِدِينَ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِهِم بِٱلۡكُفۡرِۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ حَبِطَتۡ أَعۡمَٰلُهُمۡ وَفِي ٱلنَّارِ هُمۡ خَٰلِدُونَ
(17) [2042]It is not for the Associators to ˹devoutly˺ tend[2043] Allah’s places of prostration, while they bear witness against themselves of Denial[2044]. These, their deeds will come to nothing and in Hellfire they abide eternally[2045].
[2042] This is in response to anyone who raises a point about the idolaters’ doing seemingly good deeds in response to God’s command of disowning them (cf. al-Rāzī, Abū Ḥayyān, al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar).
[2043] ʿImārat al-masājid (tending places of prostration) is to take care of them and look after their needs. ʿImārah comes from the root ʿ-m-r which denotes maintaining longevity (cf. Ibn Fāris, Maqāyīs al-Lughah, al-Iṣfahānī, al-Mufradāt). Ibn Rajab (Fatḥ al-Bārī, 2/481) notes that tending places of prostration has two senses. Firstly, materially by building, looking after, and restoring them. Secondly, non-materially by praying, mentioning God, reciting the Qur’an and performing acts of devotional worship. He concludes, citing unanimity, that this second sense is what is meant in the aya here.
[2044] They did so by both their words and deeds. They installed idols in and around the Sanctified Mosque, even inside the Kaʿbah itself, prayed to them and performed devotional acts of worship in their names, thus Associated them with God Almighty (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Basīṭ, Ibn Kathīr). Effectively, they bore witness against themselves that they are Deniers: “Verily pure religion is owed to Allah alone. Those who take allies besides Him ˹say˺: “We worship them only so that they may bring us nearer to Allah…”” (39: 3).
[2045] “Whosoever desires the life of this world and its adornment, We shall pay them in full for their deeds therein, and therein they will be deprived none of their due. *They are those for whom there shall be naught in the Hereafter but the Fire. Whatsoever they had crafted therein shall come to naught, and vain was that which they used to do” (11: 15-16).
[2043] ʿImārat al-masājid (tending places of prostration) is to take care of them and look after their needs. ʿImārah comes from the root ʿ-m-r which denotes maintaining longevity (cf. Ibn Fāris, Maqāyīs al-Lughah, al-Iṣfahānī, al-Mufradāt). Ibn Rajab (Fatḥ al-Bārī, 2/481) notes that tending places of prostration has two senses. Firstly, materially by building, looking after, and restoring them. Secondly, non-materially by praying, mentioning God, reciting the Qur’an and performing acts of devotional worship. He concludes, citing unanimity, that this second sense is what is meant in the aya here.
[2044] They did so by both their words and deeds. They installed idols in and around the Sanctified Mosque, even inside the Kaʿbah itself, prayed to them and performed devotional acts of worship in their names, thus Associated them with God Almighty (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Basīṭ, Ibn Kathīr). Effectively, they bore witness against themselves that they are Deniers: “Verily pure religion is owed to Allah alone. Those who take allies besides Him ˹say˺: “We worship them only so that they may bring us nearer to Allah…”” (39: 3).
[2045] “Whosoever desires the life of this world and its adornment, We shall pay them in full for their deeds therein, and therein they will be deprived none of their due. *They are those for whom there shall be naught in the Hereafter but the Fire. Whatsoever they had crafted therein shall come to naught, and vain was that which they used to do” (11: 15-16).
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إِنَّمَا يَعۡمُرُ مَسَٰجِدَ ٱللَّهِ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَأَقَامَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَى ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَلَمۡ يَخۡشَ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَۖ فَعَسَىٰٓ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَن يَكُونُواْ مِنَ ٱلۡمُهۡتَدِينَ
(18) [2046]None ˹truly devoutly˺ tends Allah’s places of prostration except who Believes in Allah, the Last Day, keeps up the Prayer, gives out the prescribed alms and fears none but Allah[2047]; may these very well be among the guided[2048].
[2046] This perspective sets the matter aright and hands guardianship over the Sanctified Mosque to its rightful owners (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[2047] “Truly places of prostration are for Allah ˹alone˺, so do not pray to anyone other than Allah” (72: 18); “˹That light shines˺ in houses ˹of worship˺ which Allah has ordered to be raised, and where His Name is mentioned. He is glorified there morning and evening *by men who are not distracted, either by trade nor sale, from mentioning Allah, keeping up the Prayer, and giving out the prescribed alms, fearing a Day when hearts and eyes will turn over” (24: 36-37). ʿUthmān Ibn ʿAffān (رضي الله عنه) said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “Whoever builds a mosque seeking none but the Face of Allah, Allah will build him the like of it in Paradise” (al-Bukhārī: 450, Muslim: 533); Abū Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “˹There will be˺ Seven ˹types˺ whom Allah will shade on the Day of Judgement, when there is no shade but His… and a man whose heart is attached to mosques…” (al-Bukhārī: 6806, Muslim: 1031).
[2048] Their guidedness will lead them to Paradise (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Basīṭ, al-Baghawī).
[2047] “Truly places of prostration are for Allah ˹alone˺, so do not pray to anyone other than Allah” (72: 18); “˹That light shines˺ in houses ˹of worship˺ which Allah has ordered to be raised, and where His Name is mentioned. He is glorified there morning and evening *by men who are not distracted, either by trade nor sale, from mentioning Allah, keeping up the Prayer, and giving out the prescribed alms, fearing a Day when hearts and eyes will turn over” (24: 36-37). ʿUthmān Ibn ʿAffān (رضي الله عنه) said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “Whoever builds a mosque seeking none but the Face of Allah, Allah will build him the like of it in Paradise” (al-Bukhārī: 450, Muslim: 533); Abū Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “˹There will be˺ Seven ˹types˺ whom Allah will shade on the Day of Judgement, when there is no shade but His… and a man whose heart is attached to mosques…” (al-Bukhārī: 6806, Muslim: 1031).
[2048] Their guidedness will lead them to Paradise (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Basīṭ, al-Baghawī).
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۞ أَجَعَلۡتُمۡ سِقَايَةَ ٱلۡحَآجِّ وَعِمَارَةَ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِ كَمَنۡ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَجَٰهَدَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ لَا يَسۡتَوُۥنَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
(19) Do you ˹people˺ deem alike ˹your˺ providing water for pilgrims and ˹outwardly˺ tending the Sanctified Mosque, and who Believes in Allah and the Last Day and strives in Allah’s path![2049] They are never equal before Allah—Allah never guides the unjust people.
[2049] This is a rebuttal of the Qurayshites who took special pride in being responsible for maintaining the Sanctified Mosque and providing water for pilgrims. Real pride lies in purity of Faith, and sincere acts of self denial (cf. al-Ṭabarī): “Or do those who perpetrate evil deeds suppose that We will make them like those who have Believed and do righteous deeds, so that their lives and deaths will be the same? How bad their judgement is!” (45: 21).
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ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ أَعۡظَمُ دَرَجَةً عِندَ ٱللَّهِۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَآئِزُونَ
(20) [2050]Verily those who have Believed, migrated and striven in the path of Allah with their money and their lives are greater in rank before Allah—these are the ˹true˺ winners[2051].
[2050] This passage spells out and accentuates the special privilege of the true Believers. The truly humble, devout Believers by far outweigh, in the Sight of Allah, the characteristically arrogant who think that their so-called privileges, of being historically the guardians of the Sanctified Mosque, make them better than anyone else (cf. al-Zajjāj, Maʿānī al-Qur’ān, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah). Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Do not utter profanity against my Companions, should any of you spend ˹charitably˺ the like of ˹Mount˺ Uḥud in gold, that would not come close to equalling a bucket ˹charitably spent˺ by any of them; not even half of that!” (al-Bukhārī: 3673, Muslim: 2540).
[2051] “The companions of the Fire and the companions of Paradise are not equal; the companions of Paradise who are the ˹true˺ winners” (59: 20).
[2051] “The companions of the Fire and the companions of Paradise are not equal; the companions of Paradise who are the ˹true˺ winners” (59: 20).
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Qurani Kərimin mənaca tərcüməsi - İngilis dilinə tərcümə - Dr. Valid Bleyheş əl-Amri - üzərində iş davam edir. - Tərcumənin mündəricatı
Dr. Valid Bleyheş əl-Amri tərcümə edib.