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قَالَ عِيسَى ٱبۡنُ مَرۡيَمَ ٱللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَآ أَنزِلۡ عَلَيۡنَا مَآئِدَةٗ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ تَكُونُ لَنَا عِيدٗا لِّأَوَّلِنَا وَءَاخِرِنَا وَءَايَةٗ مِّنكَۖ وَٱرۡزُقۡنَا وَأَنتَ خَيۡرُ ٱلرَّٰزِقِينَ
(114) [1293]ʿĪsā son of Maryam said: “O Allah, our Lord send down to us a table laid from the sky to be a festive occasion for us – the first and last of us [1294] – and a Sign from You. Give us our sustenance; You are the best of providers.”
[1293] There is no favour that God would ever bestow upon His allies that parallels this feast. Simple as it could have been, it provided the Believers with a most needed, assuring and timely evidence that God, with all His Might, was on their side as He always will be with those who are sincerely devoted to Him.
However, this aya should be read within the context of the trying circumstance which Jesus and this company of his staunchest supporters found themselves in at the time of this request. Given their very small number and the great bloodthirsty mobs calling for the murder of their leader that they were pitted against, even the most devout of Believers can be shaken at such times (cf. the account of the psychological state of Believers when they saw their enemy in the Battle of the Trench/Confederates 33:10-11) but where their sincere Faith and trust in God got them through. This is an ever-lasting lesson to Believers that heartens them to stand firm in the face of adversity and prepares them for the trials they will come up against throughout all times and ages. Cf. the ‘title’ section to this sura’s introduction.
[1294] Awwalinā wa ākhiranā (lit. our first and last) means Jesus’s generation and those that were to come after it. (al-Ṭabarī, al-Saʿdī)
However, this aya should be read within the context of the trying circumstance which Jesus and this company of his staunchest supporters found themselves in at the time of this request. Given their very small number and the great bloodthirsty mobs calling for the murder of their leader that they were pitted against, even the most devout of Believers can be shaken at such times (cf. the account of the psychological state of Believers when they saw their enemy in the Battle of the Trench/Confederates 33:10-11) but where their sincere Faith and trust in God got them through. This is an ever-lasting lesson to Believers that heartens them to stand firm in the face of adversity and prepares them for the trials they will come up against throughout all times and ages. Cf. the ‘title’ section to this sura’s introduction.
[1294] Awwalinā wa ākhiranā (lit. our first and last) means Jesus’s generation and those that were to come after it. (al-Ṭabarī, al-Saʿdī)
Arapça tefsirler:
قَالَ ٱللَّهُ إِنِّي مُنَزِّلُهَا عَلَيۡكُمۡۖ فَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بَعۡدُ مِنكُمۡ فَإِنِّيٓ أُعَذِّبُهُۥ عَذَابٗا لَّآ أُعَذِّبُهُۥٓ أَحَدٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ
(115) Allah said: “I shall surely send it down to you, but any of you who Denies after this I shall Punish him ˹such˺ a Punishment that I never inflict the like of which on any other in the world.”
Arapça tefsirler:
وَإِذۡ قَالَ ٱللَّهُ يَٰعِيسَى ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ ءَأَنتَ قُلۡتَ لِلنَّاسِ ٱتَّخِذُونِي وَأُمِّيَ إِلَٰهَيۡنِ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِۖ قَالَ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ مَا يَكُونُ لِيٓ أَنۡ أَقُولَ مَا لَيۡسَ لِي بِحَقٍّۚ إِن كُنتُ قُلۡتُهُۥ فَقَدۡ عَلِمۡتَهُۥۚ تَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي نَفۡسِي وَلَآ أَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي نَفۡسِكَۚ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ عَلَّٰمُ ٱلۡغُيُوبِ
(116) When ˹on the Day of Judgement˺ Allah says[1295]: “ʿĪsā son of Maryam, did you, yourself, say to people: “Take me and my mother as two gods besides Allah?”” He said: “All glory is Yours! Never will I say that which I have no right to. Had I said it, You would have known it. You Know what goes on within me and I do not know what You hold. You are verily the Knower of all that is Unseen.”
[1295] This is further admonishment for those who claim to be followers of Jesus (عليه السلام) but who distorted his teachings, albeit him being the direct addressee (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr). God wants him to stand witness against them as will every Messenger against his nation: “How ˹will they fare˺, when we bring forward a witness from every nation, and We bring you ˹Muhammad˺ as witness against these” (4: 41).
Arapça tefsirler:
مَا قُلۡتُ لَهُمۡ إِلَّا مَآ أَمَرۡتَنِي بِهِۦٓ أَنِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبَّكُمۡۚ وَكُنتُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ شَهِيدٗا مَّا دُمۡتُ فِيهِمۡۖ فَلَمَّا تَوَفَّيۡتَنِي كُنتَ أَنتَ ٱلرَّقِيبَ عَلَيۡهِمۡۚ وَأَنتَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ شَهِيدٌ
(117) “I ˹only˺ said to them what You told me to, that ˹you should˺: “Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord”. I was a witness over them as long as I was among them, But when You brought my term ˹on Earth˺ to an end[1296], You became ˹the sole˺ Watcher over them[1297]—You are Witness over everything”.
[1296] “When Allah said: “ʿĪsā, I shall bring your term ˹on Earth˺ to an end, elevate you to Me…” (3: 55).
[1297] Ibn ʿAbbās (رضي الله عنهما) narrated that: “One day the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood before us delivering an admonishing sermon. He said: “People, you will be gathered before Allah ˹on the Day of Judgement˺ barefooted, naked and uncircumcised: “As We initiated the first creation, so shall We return it. It is a promise of Ours that We will do this” (21:104)…. A group of men among my nation will be brought and taken to the left flank ˹towards Hellfire˺, and I say: “My Lord, my people!” And it will be said to me: “You do not know what they forged after you”. I will reply to that the very same reply that the righteous servant ˹Jesus (عليه السلام)˺ said: “I was a witness over them as long as I was among them, But when You brought my term ˹on Earth˺ to an end, You became ˹the sole˺ Watcher over them—You are Witness over everything” *“If you Punish them, then they are ˹only˺ Your servants, but if You forgive them, then You are truly the All-Prevailing, All-Wise” (5: 117-118). Then it will be said to me: “They kept on turning on their heels ˹away from your teachings˺ ever since you left them””. (al-Bukhārī: 2447, Muslim: 2860)
[1297] Ibn ʿAbbās (رضي الله عنهما) narrated that: “One day the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood before us delivering an admonishing sermon. He said: “People, you will be gathered before Allah ˹on the Day of Judgement˺ barefooted, naked and uncircumcised: “As We initiated the first creation, so shall We return it. It is a promise of Ours that We will do this” (21:104)…. A group of men among my nation will be brought and taken to the left flank ˹towards Hellfire˺, and I say: “My Lord, my people!” And it will be said to me: “You do not know what they forged after you”. I will reply to that the very same reply that the righteous servant ˹Jesus (عليه السلام)˺ said: “I was a witness over them as long as I was among them, But when You brought my term ˹on Earth˺ to an end, You became ˹the sole˺ Watcher over them—You are Witness over everything” *“If you Punish them, then they are ˹only˺ Your servants, but if You forgive them, then You are truly the All-Prevailing, All-Wise” (5: 117-118). Then it will be said to me: “They kept on turning on their heels ˹away from your teachings˺ ever since you left them””. (al-Bukhārī: 2447, Muslim: 2860)
Arapça tefsirler:
قَالَ ٱللَّهُ هَٰذَا يَوۡمُ يَنفَعُ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ صِدۡقُهُمۡۚ لَهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٞ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدٗاۖ رَّضِيَ ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَرَضُواْ عَنۡهُۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ
(119) Allah says: “This is the Day on which the Truthfulness of the Truthful avails them; for them are Gardens under which rivers flow forever after they abide therein; Allah is Pleased with them[1298] and they are pleased with Him—that indeed is the greatest gain”.
[1298] Anas Ibn Mālik (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Then their Lord, Glory is His, will reveal Himself to them ˹the companions of Paradise˺ and say: “Ask Me and I shall give you!” They ask Him for His Pleasure and He says: “My Pleasure admitted you into My abode ˹Paradise˺ and bestowed on you honour from Me. Ask Me and I shall give you!” They ask Him ˹again˺ for His Pleasure. Then He makes them bear witness that they gained His Pleasure”. (al-Albānī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Targhīb: 3761)
Arapça tefsirler:
لِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا فِيهِنَّۚ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرُۢ
(120) To Allah belongs the dominion of the Heavens, Earth and ˹all˺ that is within them; He is Able over everything[1299].
[1299] This is the message the Believers are forever after left with. It constitutes two parts, both of which are repeated several times in this sura. The first part is a reminder of God’s Absolute Sovereignty over the Heavens, the Earth and all that exists within them. It is repeated in Ayas 17, 18, 40 and 120, all coming after talk of God Almighty’s Ability to Punish as well as Forgive. The second part, whereby God is Able over everything, closely relates to the first one and follows after it as seen in the ayas where it is mentioned: 17, 19, 40, 117 and 120. Both amount to the same effect, i.e. the All-Sovereign, All-Able God disposes of the affairs of His creation at will and no force will ever be able to counter His will. So, people need to be fully Mindful of Him at all times no matter what the circumstances might be; no matter how adverse they come to be.
To be able to sincerely Believe in Him, be Mindful of Him and worship Him as closely and devoutly as possible, the next sura, al-Anʿām, provides a detailed account of God’s Oneness and the Uniqueness of His Attributes: none is worthy of worship besides Him.
To be able to sincerely Believe in Him, be Mindful of Him and worship Him as closely and devoutly as possible, the next sura, al-Anʿām, provides a detailed account of God’s Oneness and the Uniqueness of His Attributes: none is worthy of worship besides Him.
Arapça tefsirler:
Kur'an-ı Kerim meal tercümesi - İngilizce Tercüme - Dr. Velid Beleyhiş Al-Amri - Üzerinde Çalışılıyor. - Mealler fihristi
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