Anlam tercümesi Ayet 72 Sure Sûratu'l-Enfâl - الترجمة الإنجليزية - د. وليد بليهش العمري - Kur'an-ı Kerim Ansiklopedisi

Ayet: 72

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَمۡ يُهَاجِرُواْ مَا لَكُم مِّن وَلَٰيَتِهِم مِّن شَيۡءٍ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُواْۚ وَإِنِ ٱسۡتَنصَرُوكُمۡ فِي ٱلدِّينِ فَعَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلنَّصۡرُ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٞۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ

(72) ^[2001]Verily those who have Believed, migrated and strove in the path of Allah with their money and their lives^[2002], and the ones who welcomed in their fold and supported^[2003]; these are the allies^[2004] of one another. And those who have Believed but did not migrate, their patronage is not onerous on you in the least until they migrate^[2005]. But if they seek your support over ˹a matter of˺ religion^[2006] then you have to come to their help unless against some people with whom you have a binding agreement^[2007]—Allah is indeed All-Seeing of what you do.

[2001] This final passage emphasizes and confirms the bond (al-wilāyah) that existed between Believers; united they stand. The Messenger (ﷺ) was keen on establishing a bond of brotherhood between the Makkan Migrants (al-Muhājirūn) and the Madinan natives, the Helpers (al-Anṣār), which was extremely significant especially during these early days of the establishment of the Muslim state; so much so that they were much closer to each other than their own flesh and blood. Ibn ʿAbbās (رضي الله عنه) narrated: “When Migrants first came to Madinah, a Helper would inherit an Migrants, rather than his blood relatives, because of the brotherhood that the Prophet (ﷺ) established among them” (al-Bukhārī: 6747).
[2002] These are the most honourable Migrant Companions (j) (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[2003] These are the most honourable Helper Companions (j), who welcomed the Messenger (ﷺ) and the Migrants in their fold, made them dwell in their own homes, shared their possessions with them and unreservedly fought alongside them (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[2004] Awliyā’ i.e. they are each others’ aides and helpers against their foes (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Rāzī, Abū Ḥayyān): “The Believing men and the Believing women; they are each others’ allies…” (9: 71). Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī (رضي الله عنه) narrated: “The Messenger (ﷺ) said: “A Believer to a Believer is a single construction; they brace each other!” Then he (ﷺ) ˹demonstratively˺ joined his fingers”” (al-Bukhārī: 2446, Muslim: 2585); al-Nuʿmān Ibn Bashīr (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) said: “The example of the Believers’ care, sympathy and mercy for each other is that of a ˹single˺ body; when an organ ails, the rest of the body calls upon each other to stay awake all night and feel feverish” (al-Bukhārī: 6011, Muslim: 2586).
[2005] Believers acquitted of responsibility for the protection and aid of those Believers who remained in their lands and did not make the journey to the land of Islam (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Qāsimī). In these early days, this was a really important move to make (cf. 4: 97 for more on this issue).
[2006] This is an exception from the earlier acquittal of responsibility whereby if the Believers are called upon to help their fellow Believers who did not migrate, over a matter of religion, then they have to come to their aid (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, al-Qurṭubī, al-Shawkānī).
[2007] This caveat is thus stipulated so that the Believers, who are of great moral standing, are honouring of their pledges (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Samʿānī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn ʿĀshūr).