ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم - الترجمة الإنجليزية - د. وليد بليهش العمري * - فهرس التراجم
ترجمة معاني آية: (15) سورة: الرعد
وَلِلَّهِۤ يَسۡجُدُۤ مَن فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ طَوۡعٗا وَكَرۡهٗا وَظِلَٰلُهُم بِٱلۡغُدُوِّ وَٱلۡأٓصَالِ۩
(15) [2890]To ‘Allah’ prostrates[2891] ˹all˺ who are in the Heavens and Earth, willingly and unwillingly[2892], and their shades early and late in the day[2893][2894].
[2890] After all the many Signs that have been expounded already, the debate with the Deniers comes to a head in this passage with the argumentative qul (Say!), by which the Messenger is directed to steer the argument, repeated no less than five times; this also highlights the clarity of evidence so far provided against the Deniers (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr). It also equips the Messenger (ﷺ) with the defences to confront the barrage of criticism that was hurled at his call.
[2891] As much as invocation and prayers are a sign of need and acknowledgement, prostration is the greatest sign of submission to God Almighty (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[2892] The ‘unwilling’ (karhan, lit. forced) prostration is that of the Deniers who outwardly disdain God Almighty’s worship and their innate nature (fiṭrah) belies them (cf. al-Tafsīr al-Muyassar, al-Tafsīr al-Mukhtaṣar), they too being subject to the natural order of how things work in life (cf. Ibn Taymiyyah, Majmūʿ al-Fatāwā, 8: 49) and especially at times of hardship (cf. Tafsīr al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah). At times like these, they turn to God Almighty, to Whom belongs the ‘Call of Truth’: “And whenever affliction befalls you at sea, forgotten are those whom you would call upon, save for Him. Then when He has delivered you ˹safely˺ to land, you turn away; man is ever ungrateful!” (17: 67).
Ibn ʿUthaymīn further makes a distinction between two types of prostration: sujūd sharʿiyy (doctrinal prostration, i.e. prescribed by law) and sujūd qadariyy, i.e. that which is subjected to Divine Power. ‘Unwilling prostration’ falls squarely within this second category (Sharḥ Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn, 5: 442): “Would they seek other than the Religion of Allah while to Him devoutly submitted whoever is on Earth and the Heavens willingly and unwillingly—and to Him they shall return?” (3: 83).
[2893] This reflects the elongation and contraction of the shadows of concrete objects as the sun moves along its course during the different times of the day; a reflection which mimics that of standing up and prostrating. Though some people do not prostrate themselves willingly to God Almighty, being disdainful or busy prostrating to their false idols, their very own shadows bear constant witness to His rightfulness to being worshipped in spite of them (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr): “Have they not considered how the shadows of everything Allah has created incline to the right and the left ˹as the sun moves˺, prostrating to Allah in a state of abject humility? * And to Allah prostrates whatever is in the Heavens and whatever is on Earth of moving creatures, and the angels ˹as well˺; they do not wax arrogant!” (16: 48-49).
[2894] Given this sajdah sign, it is very significant to note that one is to, only all too ‘willingly’, prostrate oneself to God Almighty, which is the embodiment of one’s humbleness and devotion. Ibn ʿUmar (رضي الله عنه) said: “When the Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite the Qur’an, and come upon a sura in which there is prostration, he would prostrate and we would prostrate with him; some among us would not ˹even˺ find a place for his forehead” (Muslim: 575); ʿĀ’ishah (i) narrated that: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to say when prostrating while reading the Qur’an at night: “My face has prostrated to He Who created it and slit in it its hearing and sight with His Ability and Power (sajada wajhī li-lladhī khalaqahu wa shaqqa fīhi samʿahu wa baṣarahu bi-ḥawlihi wa quwatih)” (al-Tirmidhī: 580). In another hadith (al-Tirmidhī: 3424), the supplication said during such a prostration is: “O Allah, record for me this one as a reward, eliminate me with it a sin of mine, make it a deposit for me with You and accept it from me as You have accepted it from Your servant, Dāwūd (Allāhumma ktub lī bihā ʿindaka ajran, wa ḍaʿ ʿannī bihā wizran, wa jʿalhā lī ʿindaka dhukhran, wa taqabbalhā minnī kamā taqabbaltahā min ʿabdika Dāwūd)”.
[2891] As much as invocation and prayers are a sign of need and acknowledgement, prostration is the greatest sign of submission to God Almighty (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[2892] The ‘unwilling’ (karhan, lit. forced) prostration is that of the Deniers who outwardly disdain God Almighty’s worship and their innate nature (fiṭrah) belies them (cf. al-Tafsīr al-Muyassar, al-Tafsīr al-Mukhtaṣar), they too being subject to the natural order of how things work in life (cf. Ibn Taymiyyah, Majmūʿ al-Fatāwā, 8: 49) and especially at times of hardship (cf. Tafsīr al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah). At times like these, they turn to God Almighty, to Whom belongs the ‘Call of Truth’: “And whenever affliction befalls you at sea, forgotten are those whom you would call upon, save for Him. Then when He has delivered you ˹safely˺ to land, you turn away; man is ever ungrateful!” (17: 67).
Ibn ʿUthaymīn further makes a distinction between two types of prostration: sujūd sharʿiyy (doctrinal prostration, i.e. prescribed by law) and sujūd qadariyy, i.e. that which is subjected to Divine Power. ‘Unwilling prostration’ falls squarely within this second category (Sharḥ Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn, 5: 442): “Would they seek other than the Religion of Allah while to Him devoutly submitted whoever is on Earth and the Heavens willingly and unwillingly—and to Him they shall return?” (3: 83).
[2893] This reflects the elongation and contraction of the shadows of concrete objects as the sun moves along its course during the different times of the day; a reflection which mimics that of standing up and prostrating. Though some people do not prostrate themselves willingly to God Almighty, being disdainful or busy prostrating to their false idols, their very own shadows bear constant witness to His rightfulness to being worshipped in spite of them (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr): “Have they not considered how the shadows of everything Allah has created incline to the right and the left ˹as the sun moves˺, prostrating to Allah in a state of abject humility? * And to Allah prostrates whatever is in the Heavens and whatever is on Earth of moving creatures, and the angels ˹as well˺; they do not wax arrogant!” (16: 48-49).
[2894] Given this sajdah sign, it is very significant to note that one is to, only all too ‘willingly’, prostrate oneself to God Almighty, which is the embodiment of one’s humbleness and devotion. Ibn ʿUmar (رضي الله عنه) said: “When the Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite the Qur’an, and come upon a sura in which there is prostration, he would prostrate and we would prostrate with him; some among us would not ˹even˺ find a place for his forehead” (Muslim: 575); ʿĀ’ishah (i) narrated that: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to say when prostrating while reading the Qur’an at night: “My face has prostrated to He Who created it and slit in it its hearing and sight with His Ability and Power (sajada wajhī li-lladhī khalaqahu wa shaqqa fīhi samʿahu wa baṣarahu bi-ḥawlihi wa quwatih)” (al-Tirmidhī: 580). In another hadith (al-Tirmidhī: 3424), the supplication said during such a prostration is: “O Allah, record for me this one as a reward, eliminate me with it a sin of mine, make it a deposit for me with You and accept it from me as You have accepted it from Your servant, Dāwūd (Allāhumma ktub lī bihā ʿindaka ajran, wa ḍaʿ ʿannī bihā wizran, wa jʿalhā lī ʿindaka dhukhran, wa taqabbalhā minnī kamā taqabbaltahā min ʿabdika Dāwūd)”.
التفاسير العربية:
ترجمة معاني آية: (15) سورة: الرعد
ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم - الترجمة الإنجليزية - د. وليد بليهش العمري - فهرس التراجم
ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم إلى اللغة الإنجليزية - جار العمل عليها، ترجمة د. وليد بليهش العمري.