ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم - الترجمة الإنجليزية - د. وليد بليهش العمري * - فهرس التراجم
ترجمة معاني آية: (41) سورة: الأنفال
۞ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّمَا غَنِمۡتُم مِّن شَيۡءٖ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُۥ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينِ وَٱبۡنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ إِن كُنتُمۡ ءَامَنتُم بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أَنزَلۡنَا عَلَىٰ عَبۡدِنَا يَوۡمَ ٱلۡفُرۡقَانِ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٌ
(41) [1937]And know ˹Believers˺ that whatever gain you make a fifth[1938] of it is for Allah and the Messenger[1939], the kith and kin[1940], the orphans, the needy, the destitute and the stranded[1941]; ˹that is˺[1942] if you have truly Believed in Allah and what We sent down[1943] to Our Servant[1944] on the Distinguisher Day when the two hosts met[1945]—verily Allah is Able over everything.
[1937] Only now are the Believers answered their earnest question, which they asked of the Prophet (ﷺ) at the very beginning of the sura; after they have been sufficiently prepared for it through a number of reminders, pointers and moralizing advice.
[1938] The spoils are divided into four-fifths for the fighters and one-fifth for: 1) God Almighty (سبحانه وتعالى), 2) the Messenger (ﷺ), 3) the Messenger’s close relatives, 4) the orphaned young, 5) the destitute and poor, 6) and the stranded (cf. al-Jazā’irī, al-Muyassar, al-Mukhtaṣar). It is useful to note this issue was a topic of long and detailed discussions among scholars, however some explanation, as per the scope of this translation, is given below.
[1939] God’s share is to be spent in the ways that He commanded (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī). al-Baghawī concludes that most exegetes and jurists are of the opinion that God’s share and the Messenger’s share are one and the same. Ibn ʿĀshūr further explains that most scholars are of the opinion that God’s share is left to the Prophet, and the leaders of the Believers after him, to spend it as he sees fit. This part is spent for the general good of the Believing community (cf. al-Muyassar, al-Mukhtaṣar): ʿAmr Ibn ʿAbasah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) picked a hair from the side of a camel ˹which was among the spoils˺ and said: “No portion of the spoils is rightfully mine – not even the measure of this ˹hair˺ – except the fifth; even the fifth is returned to you” (Abū Dāwūd: 2755, al-Bayhaqī, al-Sunan al-Kubrā: 12943).
[1940] Dhawī al-qurbā is unanimously agreed to be the Messenger’s own close relatives; namely, Banū Hāshim and Banū ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Qāsimī, al-Saʿdī). Ibn Kathīr opines that this is because they, among whom were some Deniers, stood by the Messenger and those around him in the early days of his call, and especially during the hard times of the boycott that the Qurayshites imposed on the Believing community in Shiʿb ʿĀmir.
[1941] The Qur’an uses the expression ‘the son of the road’ (ibn al-sabīl), for those who are left without means whilst travelling, being away from home.
[1942] That is: abide by this ruling regarding the division of victory spoils (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn al-Jawzī, Zād al-Masīr, 2/213). That they magnanimously leave out this fifth is a branch of Faith (shuʿbah min shuʿab al-īmān) (cf. al-Bayhaqī, Shuʿab al-Īmān, 6/169, al-Suyūṭī, al-Iklīl. p. 135).
[1943] This could be either the Qur’anic ayas and/or the Signs of Divine support, miraculous in nature as recounted in this sura, that God sent down to His Messenger (ﷺ) and those by his side (cf. Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, al-Basīṭ, Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[1944] ‘Our Servant’ (ʿabdinā) is Muhammad (ﷺ) who is God’s Own sincere servant (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr).
[1945] The Day of the Distinguisher (yawm al-furqān) is that of the day of the Battle of Badr in which God set Truth apart from falsehood (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn Kathīr). It is the day when God granted victory to those on whose side He was, i.e. the Believers, who were fewer in number, by far less well-equipped and less likely to win, over those who pitted themselves against Him, who were greater in number and always felt themselves to be the better side; this is enough as a distinguisher between Truth and falsehood (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[1938] The spoils are divided into four-fifths for the fighters and one-fifth for: 1) God Almighty (سبحانه وتعالى), 2) the Messenger (ﷺ), 3) the Messenger’s close relatives, 4) the orphaned young, 5) the destitute and poor, 6) and the stranded (cf. al-Jazā’irī, al-Muyassar, al-Mukhtaṣar). It is useful to note this issue was a topic of long and detailed discussions among scholars, however some explanation, as per the scope of this translation, is given below.
[1939] God’s share is to be spent in the ways that He commanded (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī). al-Baghawī concludes that most exegetes and jurists are of the opinion that God’s share and the Messenger’s share are one and the same. Ibn ʿĀshūr further explains that most scholars are of the opinion that God’s share is left to the Prophet, and the leaders of the Believers after him, to spend it as he sees fit. This part is spent for the general good of the Believing community (cf. al-Muyassar, al-Mukhtaṣar): ʿAmr Ibn ʿAbasah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) picked a hair from the side of a camel ˹which was among the spoils˺ and said: “No portion of the spoils is rightfully mine – not even the measure of this ˹hair˺ – except the fifth; even the fifth is returned to you” (Abū Dāwūd: 2755, al-Bayhaqī, al-Sunan al-Kubrā: 12943).
[1940] Dhawī al-qurbā is unanimously agreed to be the Messenger’s own close relatives; namely, Banū Hāshim and Banū ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Qāsimī, al-Saʿdī). Ibn Kathīr opines that this is because they, among whom were some Deniers, stood by the Messenger and those around him in the early days of his call, and especially during the hard times of the boycott that the Qurayshites imposed on the Believing community in Shiʿb ʿĀmir.
[1941] The Qur’an uses the expression ‘the son of the road’ (ibn al-sabīl), for those who are left without means whilst travelling, being away from home.
[1942] That is: abide by this ruling regarding the division of victory spoils (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn al-Jawzī, Zād al-Masīr, 2/213). That they magnanimously leave out this fifth is a branch of Faith (shuʿbah min shuʿab al-īmān) (cf. al-Bayhaqī, Shuʿab al-Īmān, 6/169, al-Suyūṭī, al-Iklīl. p. 135).
[1943] This could be either the Qur’anic ayas and/or the Signs of Divine support, miraculous in nature as recounted in this sura, that God sent down to His Messenger (ﷺ) and those by his side (cf. Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, al-Basīṭ, Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[1944] ‘Our Servant’ (ʿabdinā) is Muhammad (ﷺ) who is God’s Own sincere servant (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr).
[1945] The Day of the Distinguisher (yawm al-furqān) is that of the day of the Battle of Badr in which God set Truth apart from falsehood (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn Kathīr). It is the day when God granted victory to those on whose side He was, i.e. the Believers, who were fewer in number, by far less well-equipped and less likely to win, over those who pitted themselves against Him, who were greater in number and always felt themselves to be the better side; this is enough as a distinguisher between Truth and falsehood (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
التفاسير العربية:
ترجمة معاني آية: (41) سورة: الأنفال
ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم - الترجمة الإنجليزية - د. وليد بليهش العمري - فهرس التراجم
ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم إلى اللغة الإنجليزية - جار العمل عليها، ترجمة د. وليد بليهش العمري.