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Al-Ma‘ārij

Aya: 1

سَأَلَ سَآئِلُۢ بِعَذَابٖ وَاقِعٖ

A challenger asked for a punishment bound to come^[1]

[1] In the Hereafter. The pagans of Makkah had challenged the Prophet (ﷺ) in ridicule by asking Allah to bring upon them His punishment. See 8:32.

Aya: 2

لِّلۡكَٰفِرِينَ لَيۡسَ لَهُۥ دَافِعٞ

upon the disbelievers, which none can avert,

Aya: 3

مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ ذِي ٱلۡمَعَارِجِ

from Allah, Lord of the pathways of ascent,

Aya: 4

تَعۡرُجُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ وَٱلرُّوحُ إِلَيۡهِ فِي يَوۡمٖ كَانَ مِقۡدَارُهُۥ خَمۡسِينَ أَلۡفَ سَنَةٖ

by which the angels and the Spirit^[2] will ascend to Him on a Day^[3] the length of which is fifty thousand years.

[2] i.e., the angel Gabriel.
[3] The Day of Judgment will be an extremely long day.

Aya: 5

فَٱصۡبِرۡ صَبۡرٗا جَمِيلًا

So be patient [O Prophet] with beautiful patience.

Aya: 6

إِنَّهُمۡ يَرَوۡنَهُۥ بَعِيدٗا

Indeed, they see this [punishment] far off,

Aya: 7

وَنَرَىٰهُ قَرِيبٗا

but We see it to be close at hand.

Aya: 8

يَوۡمَ تَكُونُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ كَٱلۡمُهۡلِ

On the Day when the sky will be like molten brass^[4]

[4] Or "murky oil."

Aya: 9

وَتَكُونُ ٱلۡجِبَالُ كَٱلۡعِهۡنِ

and the mountains will be like dyed wool^[5],

[5] While disintegrating.

Aya: 10

وَلَا يَسۡـَٔلُ حَمِيمٌ حَمِيمٗا

and no close friend will ask about another,

Aya: 11

يُبَصَّرُونَهُمۡۚ يَوَدُّ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُ لَوۡ يَفۡتَدِي مِنۡ عَذَابِ يَوۡمِئِذِۭ بِبَنِيهِ

even though they will see one another. The wicked will wish he could ransom himself from the punishment of that Day by offering his children,

Aya: 12

وَصَٰحِبَتِهِۦ وَأَخِيهِ

and his wife and his brother,

Aya: 13

وَفَصِيلَتِهِ ٱلَّتِي تُـٔۡوِيهِ

and his kindred who stood by him,

Aya: 14

وَمَن فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗا ثُمَّ يُنجِيهِ

and everyone on earth, just to save himself.

Aya: 15

كَلَّآۖ إِنَّهَا لَظَىٰ

By no means!^[6] It is a raging Flame,

[6] An emphatic denial, meaning "It will never be."

Aya: 16

نَزَّاعَةٗ لِّلشَّوَىٰ

that will strip off the scalps^[7].

[7] Referring to the skin of the head or of the body extremities, which will be burned away by severe heat and flames.

Aya: 17

تَدۡعُواْ مَنۡ أَدۡبَرَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ

It will call everyone who turned their backs and disobeyed,

Aya: 18

وَجَمَعَ فَأَوۡعَىٰٓ

and amassed and hoarded wealth.

Aya: 19

۞ إِنَّ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ خُلِقَ هَلُوعًا

Indeed, man was created impatient:

Aya: 20

إِذَا مَسَّهُ ٱلشَّرُّ جَزُوعٗا

when evil befalls him, he bewails,

Aya: 21

وَإِذَا مَسَّهُ ٱلۡخَيۡرُ مَنُوعًا

but when good fortune comes his way, he becomes tight-fisted –

Aya: 22

إِلَّا ٱلۡمُصَلِّينَ

except those who pray,

Aya: 23

ٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ عَلَىٰ صَلَاتِهِمۡ دَآئِمُونَ

who are steadfast in their prayers;

Aya: 24

وَٱلَّذِينَ فِيٓ أَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ حَقّٞ مَّعۡلُومٞ

and who give a due share^[8] of their wealth

[8] i.e., obligatory charity; zakah.

Aya: 25

لِّلسَّآئِلِ وَٱلۡمَحۡرُومِ

to the beggar and the dispossessed;

Aya: 26

وَٱلَّذِينَ يُصَدِّقُونَ بِيَوۡمِ ٱلدِّينِ

and who firmly believe in the Day of Judgment;

Aya: 27

وَٱلَّذِينَ هُم مِّنۡ عَذَابِ رَبِّهِم مُّشۡفِقُونَ

and those who fear the punishment of their Lord –

Aya: 28

إِنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّهِمۡ غَيۡرُ مَأۡمُونٖ

for none can feel secure from their Lord’s punishment –

Aya: 29

وَٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ لِفُرُوجِهِمۡ حَٰفِظُونَ

and those who guard their private parts^[9],

[9] i.e., their chastity and honor from immoralities.

Aya: 30

إِلَّا عَلَىٰٓ أَزۡوَٰجِهِمۡ أَوۡ مَا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُهُمۡ فَإِنَّهُمۡ غَيۡرُ مَلُومِينَ

except from their wives or bondwomen^[10] whom they own, for then they are not to be blamed.

[10] i.e., female slaves or slave-girls.

Aya: 31

فَمَنِ ٱبۡتَغَىٰ وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكَ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡعَادُونَ

But whoever seeks beyond that, it is they who are the transgressors.

Aya: 32

وَٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ لِأَمَٰنَٰتِهِمۡ وَعَهۡدِهِمۡ رَٰعُونَ

and those who fulfill their trusts and pledges;

Aya: 33

وَٱلَّذِينَ هُم بِشَهَٰدَٰتِهِمۡ قَآئِمُونَ

and who are upright in their testimonies;

Aya: 34

وَٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ عَلَىٰ صَلَاتِهِمۡ يُحَافِظُونَ

and who take due care of their prayers;

Aya: 35

أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ فِي جَنَّٰتٖ مُّكۡرَمُونَ

they will be honored in gardens^[11].

[11] Of Paradise.

Aya: 36

فَمَالِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ قِبَلَكَ مُهۡطِعِينَ

What is the matter with the disbelievers that they are rushing towards you [O Prophet]^[12],

[12] i.e., rushing to deny you.

Aya: 37

عَنِ ٱلۡيَمِينِ وَعَنِ ٱلشِّمَالِ عِزِينَ

from the right and from the left, in crowds^[13]?

[13] Some pagans of Makkah gathered around the Prophet (ﷺ) mocking and opposing him, claiming that if there is in fact a Hereafter, they would enter Paradise before the believers.

Aya: 38

أَيَطۡمَعُ كُلُّ ٱمۡرِيٕٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ أَن يُدۡخَلَ جَنَّةَ نَعِيمٖ

Does everyone of them aspire to enter a garden of bliss?

Aya: 39

كَلَّآۖ إِنَّا خَلَقۡنَٰهُم مِّمَّا يَعۡلَمُونَ

By no means! We have created them from what they know^[14].

[14] i.e., from a disdained fluid.

Aya: 40

فَلَآ أُقۡسِمُ بِرَبِّ ٱلۡمَشَٰرِقِ وَٱلۡمَغَٰرِبِ إِنَّا لَقَٰدِرُونَ

I swear by the Lord of the sunrises and sunsets^[15] that We are surely Capable

[15] i.e., Allah is the One Who determines the daily points of sunrise and sunset according to each season by the rotation of the earth around its axis.

Aya: 41

عَلَىٰٓ أَن نُّبَدِّلَ خَيۡرٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ وَمَا نَحۡنُ بِمَسۡبُوقِينَ

to replace them with others better than them, and none can escape Our decree.

Aya: 42

فَذَرۡهُمۡ يَخُوضُواْ وَيَلۡعَبُواْ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُواْ يَوۡمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِي يُوعَدُونَ

So leave them to engage in their falsehood and amuse themselves until they meet their Day which they are promised;

Aya: 43

يَوۡمَ يَخۡرُجُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡأَجۡدَاثِ سِرَاعٗا كَأَنَّهُمۡ إِلَىٰ نُصُبٖ يُوفِضُونَ

the Day when they will rush out of their graves as if they are racing towards an idol^[16],

[16] i.e., just as they used to race towards a newly appointed idol, to be among the first of its worshipers.

Aya: 44

خَٰشِعَةً أَبۡصَٰرُهُمۡ تَرۡهَقُهُمۡ ذِلَّةٞۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡيَوۡمُ ٱلَّذِي كَانُواْ يُوعَدُونَ

with their eyes downcast and overwhelmed with disgrace. That is the Day that they were promised.