د قرآن کریم د معناګانو ژباړه - انګلیسي ژباړه - دکتور ولید بلیهش العمري - کار پرې روان دی. * - د ژباړو فهرست (لړلیک)
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ جَٰهِدِ ٱلۡكُفَّارَ وَٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ وَٱغۡلُظۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡۚ وَمَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ
(73) [2170]O Prophet, strive[2171] against the Deniers and the hypocrites and be tough on them, their resort is Hellfire; dire indeed is the end[2172].
[2170] The stubbornly heedless are to be confronted and treated sternly and toughly (cf. al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar).
[2171] The command ‘jāhid’ (strive) is of a general purport and trying to say exactly what it entails inevitably limits its meaning, and, in turn, its application (cf. al-Rāzī). Exegetes do not agree unanimously on what ‘striving’ here exactly implies. However, mostly they agree that the Deniers and the hypocrites are to be striven against and confronted: the Deniers with arms and the hypocrites with argumentation (cf. al-Muyassar, al-Mukhtaṣar, Tafsīr al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah): “Fight them until there is no trial, and the religion becomes sincerely Allah’s Own. If they desist, only the wrongdoers shall be transgressed against” (2: 193).
The hypocrites are conjoined together with the Deniers and treated as combatants to give them the message that should they be conspicuously disruptive and more audacious, they now know what is to come. The threat of force ensures that they remain dormant and therefore less disorderly in society (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[2172] “…indeed Allah will gather the hypocrites and the Deniers in Hellfire altogether” (4: 140).
[2171] The command ‘jāhid’ (strive) is of a general purport and trying to say exactly what it entails inevitably limits its meaning, and, in turn, its application (cf. al-Rāzī). Exegetes do not agree unanimously on what ‘striving’ here exactly implies. However, mostly they agree that the Deniers and the hypocrites are to be striven against and confronted: the Deniers with arms and the hypocrites with argumentation (cf. al-Muyassar, al-Mukhtaṣar, Tafsīr al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah): “Fight them until there is no trial, and the religion becomes sincerely Allah’s Own. If they desist, only the wrongdoers shall be transgressed against” (2: 193).
The hypocrites are conjoined together with the Deniers and treated as combatants to give them the message that should they be conspicuously disruptive and more audacious, they now know what is to come. The threat of force ensures that they remain dormant and therefore less disorderly in society (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[2172] “…indeed Allah will gather the hypocrites and the Deniers in Hellfire altogether” (4: 140).
عربي تفسیرونه:
يَحۡلِفُونَ بِٱللَّهِ مَا قَالُواْ وَلَقَدۡ قَالُواْ كَلِمَةَ ٱلۡكُفۡرِ وَكَفَرُواْ بَعۡدَ إِسۡلَٰمِهِمۡ وَهَمُّواْ بِمَا لَمۡ يَنَالُواْۚ وَمَا نَقَمُوٓاْ إِلَّآ أَنۡ أَغۡنَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦۚ فَإِن يَتُوبُواْ يَكُ خَيۡرٗا لَّهُمۡۖ وَإِن يَتَوَلَّوۡاْ يُعَذِّبۡهُمُ ٱللَّهُ عَذَابًا أَلِيمٗا فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۚ وَمَا لَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مِن وَلِيّٖ وَلَا نَصِيرٖ
(74) [2173]They swear ˹to you˺ that they did not utter ˹the word of Denial[2174]˺; surely they have uttered the word of Denial so they Denied after their ˹professing˺ Islam[2175]. They resolved ˹to carry out˺ what they failed to attain[2176]; they only bore grudges after Allah – and His Messengers – enriched them with His bounty![2177] If they repent, it would be better for them but if they turn away, Allah will inflict a painful punishment on them ˹both˺ in the worldly life and in the Hereafter—˹and then˺ they will have no ally or helper.
[2173] What the hypocrites said and did, their slandering and plotting, and even conspiring to assassinate the Messenger (ﷺ), amounted to outright Denial (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr, Riḍā). They are still being forewarned and the cover over their machinations is blown in the most glaring of terms so that they may ponder and repent.
[2174] The ‘word of Denial’ (kalimat al-kufr) is the speech that indicates Denial (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr), for example, insulting the Messenger (ﷺ) and attacking the religion (cf. al-Wāḥidī, al-Wasīṭ, al-Shawkānī, al- Saʿdī).
[2175] By uttering the word of Denial, they revealed once and for all their true mettle; although they were Muslims to all appearances, they were in fact Deniers (cf. al-Baghawī, al-Qurṭubī).
Ibn ʿAṭiyyah makes a point about word choice, which further sheds light on the meaning; the word “islām” and not “īmān” (sincere Faith) is used here because Islam can be professed with mere words, i.e. the testimony of monotheism, but īmān is a much further step, because it tackles what the heart holds: “The herds people said: “We have Believed!” Say ˹Muhammad˺: “You have not Believed. But say: “We have professed Islam” for ˹true˺ Faith has not yet entered your hearts. But if you obey Allah and His Messenger ˹wholeheartedly˺, He will not discount anything from ˹the reward of˺ your deeds—Allah is truly All-Forgiving, Most Merciful” (49: 14).
[2176] They devised to assassinate the Messenger (ﷺ) upon his return from the Tabuk Expedition, but their plot was foiled (cf. al-Baghawī, Ibn al-Qayyim, Zād al-Maʿād, 3/477-478, Ibn Kathīr, al-Alūsī, al-Saʿdī).
[2177] A fact that should have had the opposite effect on them (cf. al-Zajjāj, Maʿānī al-Qur’ān, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn Kathīr). But such is always the way of venomous people; no act of kindness will ever allay them. Whatever one does will only increase their hatred towards one. When the renowned linguist, al-Bajalī, was asked about where to find the following Arab adage in the Qur’an: “Beware of the evil of the person you have shown kindness to”, he quoted this portion of the aya (cf. al-Dhahabī, Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalā’, 13/414).
[2174] The ‘word of Denial’ (kalimat al-kufr) is the speech that indicates Denial (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr), for example, insulting the Messenger (ﷺ) and attacking the religion (cf. al-Wāḥidī, al-Wasīṭ, al-Shawkānī, al- Saʿdī).
[2175] By uttering the word of Denial, they revealed once and for all their true mettle; although they were Muslims to all appearances, they were in fact Deniers (cf. al-Baghawī, al-Qurṭubī).
Ibn ʿAṭiyyah makes a point about word choice, which further sheds light on the meaning; the word “islām” and not “īmān” (sincere Faith) is used here because Islam can be professed with mere words, i.e. the testimony of monotheism, but īmān is a much further step, because it tackles what the heart holds: “The herds people said: “We have Believed!” Say ˹Muhammad˺: “You have not Believed. But say: “We have professed Islam” for ˹true˺ Faith has not yet entered your hearts. But if you obey Allah and His Messenger ˹wholeheartedly˺, He will not discount anything from ˹the reward of˺ your deeds—Allah is truly All-Forgiving, Most Merciful” (49: 14).
[2176] They devised to assassinate the Messenger (ﷺ) upon his return from the Tabuk Expedition, but their plot was foiled (cf. al-Baghawī, Ibn al-Qayyim, Zād al-Maʿād, 3/477-478, Ibn Kathīr, al-Alūsī, al-Saʿdī).
[2177] A fact that should have had the opposite effect on them (cf. al-Zajjāj, Maʿānī al-Qur’ān, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn Kathīr). But such is always the way of venomous people; no act of kindness will ever allay them. Whatever one does will only increase their hatred towards one. When the renowned linguist, al-Bajalī, was asked about where to find the following Arab adage in the Qur’an: “Beware of the evil of the person you have shown kindness to”, he quoted this portion of the aya (cf. al-Dhahabī, Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalā’, 13/414).
عربي تفسیرونه:
۞ وَمِنۡهُم مَّنۡ عَٰهَدَ ٱللَّهَ لَئِنۡ ءَاتَىٰنَا مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ لَنَصَّدَّقَنَّ وَلَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ
(75) [2178]Among them are those who pledged to Allah: “Should He bestow on us from His bounty, we would ˹commit to˺ spend charitably and ˹commit to˺ be among the righteous”.
[2178] The hypocritical traits spelled out earlier are reiterated here: dishonoring of pledges, repaying kindness with spitefulness, miserliness and lack of empathy, and persistent lying (cf. al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar). They are also still being warned to pay heed.
عربي تفسیرونه:
فَأَعۡقَبَهُمۡ نِفَاقٗا فِي قُلُوبِهِمۡ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ يَلۡقَوۡنَهُۥ بِمَآ أَخۡلَفُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا وَعَدُوهُ وَبِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡذِبُونَ
(77) Then there pursued them hypocrisy in their hearts until the Day they meet Him[2179]; for reneging on what they pledged to Allah and for their persistent lying[2180].
[2179] Their hypocrisy will linger in their hearts until the day they die, upon which they meet God (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Baghawī, al-Qurṭubī).
[2180] Abū Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Three are the ˹tell-tale˺ indicators of a hypocrite: lying when speaking, breaking promises and betraying trust” (al-Bukhārī: 33, Muslim 59).
[2180] Abū Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Three are the ˹tell-tale˺ indicators of a hypocrite: lying when speaking, breaking promises and betraying trust” (al-Bukhārī: 33, Muslim 59).
عربي تفسیرونه:
ٱلَّذِينَ يَلۡمِزُونَ ٱلۡمُطَّوِّعِينَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ فِي ٱلصَّدَقَٰتِ وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَجِدُونَ إِلَّا جُهۡدَهُمۡ فَيَسۡخَرُونَ مِنۡهُمۡ سَخِرَ ٱللَّهُ مِنۡهُمۡ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
(79) [2181]Those who snide at the ˹generously˺ benefacting among the Believers regarding alms, as well as ˹the sincere˺ who can find nothing ˹to give˺ but their own effort – they ridicule them – may Allah Ridicule them[2182] and theirs is a painful Punishment.
[2181] The hypocrites do not only practise what they preach themselves (“…enjoin what is unacceptable and advise against virtue, and clinch their fists…” (Aya 67 above)), they hate to see others doing otherwise (cf. al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar). Abū Masʿūd (رضي الله عنه) narrated: “When we were bade to give charity, ˹having nothing to give˺ we went on to work as porters ˹in the market, to secure the money for charity˺. Abū ʿAqīl came with half a bucket ˹of palm dates as charity˺, another person came with more than that, and the hypocrites said: “Allah is in no need of this one’s charity ˹meaning Abū ʿAqīl˺, and this other one only did it to show off”. Then the aya came down: “Those who snide at the benefacting among the Believers regarding alms as well as ˹the sincere˺ who can find nothing ˹to give˺ but their own effort …”” (al-Bukhārī: 4668, Muslim: 1018). They hurtle sneering comments on both the well-off who give generously, saying that they do so to show off, and those who can only help out with the very little that they have, and deride them for it (c.f. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Basīṭ, al-Saʿdī).
[2182] “When they meet those who Believe, they say: “We Believe!”, but when they are alone with their devils, they say: “Surely we are with you. We are but mocking”. *Allah mocks them and slackens the reins for them to wander aimlessly in their blindness” (2: 14-15).
[2182] “When they meet those who Believe, they say: “We Believe!”, but when they are alone with their devils, they say: “Surely we are with you. We are but mocking”. *Allah mocks them and slackens the reins for them to wander aimlessly in their blindness” (2: 14-15).
عربي تفسیرونه:
د قرآن کریم د معناګانو ژباړه - انګلیسي ژباړه - دکتور ولید بلیهش العمري - کار پرې روان دی. - د ژباړو فهرست (لړلیک)
ژباړه: دکتور ولید بلیهش العمري.