Reikšmių vertimas Sūra Al-Bakara - Vertimas į anglų k. – Dr. Valid Bleiheš Omari - vykdomas - Puslapio numeris 6 - Kilniojo Korano enciklopedija

Aja (Korano eilutė): 30

وَإِذۡ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ إِنِّي جَاعِلٞ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ خَلِيفَةٗۖ قَالُوٓاْ أَتَجۡعَلُ فِيهَا مَن يُفۡسِدُ فِيهَا وَيَسۡفِكُ ٱلدِّمَآءَ وَنَحۡنُ نُسَبِّحُ بِحَمۡدِكَ وَنُقَدِّسُ لَكَۖ قَالَ إِنِّيٓ أَعۡلَمُ مَا لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ

(30) ˹Mention Muhammad˺^[58] When your Lord said to the angels: “I shall instate a successor^[59] on Earth!” They said: “Will you instate in it one who sows corruption and sheds blood, whereas we ˹incessantly˺ glorify You in gratitude to You and exalt You?”^[60] He said: “I know that which you do not”.

[58] Abū al-Baqā’ al-Kafawī (al-Kulliyyāt, p. 69) says: “Whenever ˹the particle˺ idh is mentioned in the Qur’an it implies ˹the command˺ ‘mention!’ That is, mention ˹Muhammad˺ to them ˹the ones to whom the Qur’an is being recited˺ or recall in your mind… most exegetes agree to this”.
[59] Khalīfah is derived from khalafa which denotes standing in place of someone else (Ibn Fāris, Maqāyīs al-Lughah, 2: 210; al-Iṣfahānī, al-Mufradāt, p. 294). Here, it means someone who comes after another and takes his place; these are mankind, Adam and his progeny, who successively take over each other’s place, generation after generation, until the Day of Judgement. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Shinqīṭī)
[60] Abū Dharr (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) was asked: “What is the best utterance?” He replied: “Whatever Allah chose for His angels and servants: “Subḥān Allāh wa bi-ḥamdih (Glorified be Allah and ˹we do this˺ in gratitude to Him)”. (Muslim: 2731)

Aja (Korano eilutė): 31

وَعَلَّمَ ءَادَمَ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءَ كُلَّهَا ثُمَّ عَرَضَهُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ فَقَالَ أَنۢبِـُٔونِي بِأَسۡمَآءِ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ

(31) He taught Adam all the names ˹of things˺, then showed them to the angels and said: “Tell Me the names of these, if only you were truthful!”

Aja (Korano eilutė): 32

قَالُواْ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ لَا عِلۡمَ لَنَآ إِلَّا مَا عَلَّمۡتَنَآۖ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ

(32) They said: “Glorified may You be! We have no knowledge but what You have taught us. You are All-Knowing, All-Wise”.

Aja (Korano eilutė): 33

قَالَ يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ أَنۢبِئۡهُم بِأَسۡمَآئِهِمۡۖ فَلَمَّآ أَنۢبَأَهُم بِأَسۡمَآئِهِمۡ قَالَ أَلَمۡ أَقُل لَّكُمۡ إِنِّيٓ أَعۡلَمُ غَيۡبَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَأَعۡلَمُ مَا تُبۡدُونَ وَمَا كُنتُمۡ تَكۡتُمُونَ

(33) He said: “Adam! Tell them their names”. When he told them their names, He said: “Did I not instruct you that I know what is hidden in the Heavens and the Earth?—and I know what you make public and what you hide”^[61].

[61] This quiz was posed to the angels, the closest to God of His creation, to prove to them, by practical example, the Truth of God’s All-Encompassing Knowledge, and, in turn, the Wisdom of His Choice. It is also a concrete manifestation of God’s infinite Justice, which allows for questioning by even the most obedient of His subjects, the angels. This Most Able of Sovereigns answers their concerns.

Aja (Korano eilutė): 34

وَإِذۡ قُلۡنَا لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ ٱسۡجُدُواْ لِأٓدَمَ فَسَجَدُوٓاْ إِلَّآ إِبۡلِيسَ أَبَىٰ وَٱسۡتَكۡبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ

(34) ˹Mention Muhammad˺ When We said to the angels: “Bow down to Adam!”^[62]; they bowed down except Iblīs^[63]; he refused, became arrogant^[64] and was one of the Deniers.

[62] The command to the angels to bow down to Adam is an act of worship to God and reverence to Adam who was honoured by God Himself. (al-Ṭabarī, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī, al-Shinqīṭī)
[63] Iblīs is Satan. Etymologically, iblīs comes from iblās, i.e. having no hope in good things, grief and sadness caused by utter despair. (Ibn Qutaybah, Gharīb al-Qur’ān, p. 23; al-Iṣfahānī, al-Mufradāt, p. 143)
[64] His arrogance is spelled out elsewhere in the Qur’an; 7: 12, 38: 76, 15: 33.

Aja (Korano eilutė): 35

وَقُلۡنَا يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ ٱسۡكُنۡ أَنتَ وَزَوۡجُكَ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَكُلَا مِنۡهَا رَغَدًا حَيۡثُ شِئۡتُمَا وَلَا تَقۡرَبَا هَٰذِهِ ٱلشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

(35) We said: “Adam! Dwell yourself and your wife in the Garden^[65] and eat thereof ˹bountifully˺ aplenty wherever you wish, but do not come near this tree, or ˹else˺ you will be from among the wrongful”.

[65] This Garden is Paradise, the very Heavenly abode of eternal bliss. (al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Taymiyyah, Majmūʿ al-Fatāwā, 4: 347, Ibn Kathīr, Ibn ʿĀshūr)

Aja (Korano eilutė): 36

فَأَزَلَّهُمَا ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ عَنۡهَا فَأَخۡرَجَهُمَا مِمَّا كَانَا فِيهِۖ وَقُلۡنَا ٱهۡبِطُواْ بَعۡضُكُمۡ لِبَعۡضٍ عَدُوّٞۖ وَلَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مُسۡتَقَرّٞ وَمَتَٰعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٖ

(36) Satan tripped them into it^[66] and drove them out from where they were^[67]; We said: “Go down, as enemies to each other. In Earth will be your dwelling and livelihood for a given time^[68]”.

[66] How he managed to do this is told in more detail in 7: 20-22.
[67] The great blessing of dwelling in Paradise.
[68] Until the Day of Judgement. (al-Ṭabarī, al-Saʿdī, Ibn ʿĀshūr)

Aja (Korano eilutė): 37

فَتَلَقَّىٰٓ ءَادَمُ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ كَلِمَٰتٖ فَتَابَ عَلَيۡهِۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ

(37) Adam received a few words^[69] from His Lord, and He forgave him; He is the All-Forgiving, the Most Merciful.

[69] These kalimāt or ‘words’, or supplication, are provided in 7: 23: “They ˹both˺ said: “Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers”.