يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمۡ أَن تَرِثُواْ ٱلنِّسَآءَ كَرۡهٗاۖ وَلَا تَعۡضُلُوهُنَّ لِتَذۡهَبُواْ بِبَعۡضِ مَآ ءَاتَيۡتُمُوهُنَّ إِلَّآ أَن يَأۡتِينَ بِفَٰحِشَةٖ مُّبَيِّنَةٖۚ وَعَاشِرُوهُنَّ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِۚ فَإِن كَرِهۡتُمُوهُنَّ فَعَسَىٰٓ أَن تَكۡرَهُواْ شَيۡـٔٗا وَيَجۡعَلَ ٱللَّهُ فِيهِ خَيۡرٗا كَثِيرٗا
(19) [813]You who Believe, it is not allowed for you to inherit women hatefully[814]. Do not ˹neither˺ impound them forcibly to win back some of what you offered them[815], unless they commit a flagrant vice[816]. Keep company with them agreeably[817]; if you come to dislike them, then it may be you dislike a thing and Allah endows it with good aplenty[818].
[813] ʿAbdullāh Ibn ʿAbbās (رضي الله عنهما) says that the reason behind this aya’s revelation had to do with Arab practice during the age of ignorance whereby: “When a man dies, his close male relatives claimed more of a right to his wife than her own family. If they wished, they could marry her ˹to one of them˺, or marry her off to anybody, or hold her back from marriage”. (al-Bukhārī: 4579)
[814] The fact of the matter is that these women hate what is being done to them and are forced into it, against their will. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
[815] Men are also enjoined not to make life hard for their wives. They are not to force them to ransom themselves with a part of the dowry, gifts or any other rights they received from their husbands so that they may divorce them. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
[816] Such as proven adultery not just an accusation. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī, al-Jazā’irī)
[817] That a person associates with his wife agreeably means that he speaks kindly to her, does not hurt her or frown in her face, deals with her generously, makes himself pleasing to her and provides for her according to societal norms. (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī) ʿĀ’ishah (i) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “The best of you are the best to their wives and I am the best of you to my wives”. (al-Tirmidhī: 3895)
[818] Abū Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “A Believing husband should not feel averse to his Believing wife. If he dislikes a certain trait of hers, he may like another”. (Muslim: 1469)
[814] The fact of the matter is that these women hate what is being done to them and are forced into it, against their will. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
[815] Men are also enjoined not to make life hard for their wives. They are not to force them to ransom themselves with a part of the dowry, gifts or any other rights they received from their husbands so that they may divorce them. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
[816] Such as proven adultery not just an accusation. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī, al-Jazā’irī)
[817] That a person associates with his wife agreeably means that he speaks kindly to her, does not hurt her or frown in her face, deals with her generously, makes himself pleasing to her and provides for her according to societal norms. (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī) ʿĀ’ishah (i) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “The best of you are the best to their wives and I am the best of you to my wives”. (al-Tirmidhī: 3895)
[818] Abū Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “A Believing husband should not feel averse to his Believing wife. If he dislikes a certain trait of hers, he may like another”. (Muslim: 1469)
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含义的翻译
段: (19) 章: 尼萨仪
《古兰经》译解 - 英文翻译-瓦利德·比利哈什·欧麦尔博士-正在进行。 - 译解目录
由沃立德·布莱希什·欧玛利博士翻译。