Traduction des sens Verset 45 Sourate AL-MÂÏDAH - Traduction anglaise - Dr Waleed Bleyhesh Al-Amri - Encyclopédie du Noble Coran

Verset: 45

وَكَتَبۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ فِيهَآ أَنَّ ٱلنَّفۡسَ بِٱلنَّفۡسِ وَٱلۡعَيۡنَ بِٱلۡعَيۡنِ وَٱلۡأَنفَ بِٱلۡأَنفِ وَٱلۡأُذُنَ بِٱلۡأُذُنِ وَٱلسِّنَّ بِٱلسِّنِّ وَٱلۡجُرُوحَ قِصَاصٞۚ فَمَن تَصَدَّقَ بِهِۦ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٞ لَّهُۥۚ وَمَن لَّمۡ يَحۡكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ

(45) And We decreed^[1186] for them in it that: a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth and that wounds are reciprocated; whoever forgoes ˹his right˺ out of charity then that would be an atonement ˹of sins˺ for him^[1187]—whoever does not judge by what Allah sent down then those are the wrongdoers^[1188].

[1186] This aya alludes to the law known as lex talionis (law of retaliation/reciprocal justice) which states that justice should be carried out: ʿayin tachat ʿayin, “an eye for an eye”, as told in the Torah (Exodus xxi, 24) but which was distorted from its proper, fully-known position. Here the Qur’an ‘reveals’ and re-establishes this principle and warns against distorting it.
[1187] A person who is injured should not be driven by vindictiveness and the desire to exact revenge. This spirit of forgiveness is not only encouraged by God but is also generously rewarded for (cf. al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar, Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[1188] al-Úālimūn also means the unjust. Those who judge between people with rulings other than those of God will inevitably do wrong to one of the two arbitrating parties.