[1]. Those who hope in Allāh and put their complete trust in Him will renew their strength. They will rise high like eagles; they will run and not grow weary, they will walk and not be faint.The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, “If you trust Allāh, He will provide for you as He provides for the birds, they leave their nests in the morning hungry and return with a full belly at dusk”.
[2]. For the battle of Badr to fight for justice and peace.
[3]. As they felt disquiet about the distribution of war booty.
[4]. Of the enemy, either the caravan or the band of Meccan fighters.
[5]. During the days of the Prophet ﷺ there was a hypocrite who used to harm the believers, some of the believers said to their fellow believers, "Come (support) with us while we appeal to Allah's Messenger for assistance against this hypocrite." The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Verily, no one should seek to me for assistance. Indeed, it is Allāh Who is to be sought for assistance and help."This is an attitude that shows complete dependence and reliance on Allāh. On the other hand, by creating a culture of seeking help and assistance from the people in the manner that is common amongst the ignorant, dependence on Allāh is removed from the hearts of people and is placed on these created beings rather than the Creator. This is a means to idolatry. When a living person asks the deceased person to supplicate Allāh in his favor; or to fulfill one's need, cure him from illness, give him something to which he aspires, or ward off harm from him, this is considered polytheism and idolatry, and it is similar to the idolatry committed by the Christians, who associate Mary and her son Jesus Christ with Allāh in worship by supplicating them or asking them, believing that they have knowledge of people's situations. Help and assistance should be asked from Allāh only and He is the One only who can grant it.
[6]. God caused it to fill the eyes and nose of every soldier, preventing their advance.
[7]. So that they would appreciate God's favor to them.
[8]. That is, relinquish your ways of associating with Allāh and denying His Message and hostilities.
[9]. I.e., going for war against the forces of evil.
[10]. But it may afflict all the good and bad people.
[11]. Due to your love for money and children, you may violate Allah’s commands concerning them.
[12]. The believers are commanded to fight the deniers until their hostile behaviour is controlled, and until the believers are free to practice their religion without anyone daring to interfere with their worship or turn them away from their religion, and until peace prevails and people are able to freely worship Allāh alone without associating anything with Him. Muhammad, God's Messenger ﷺ said, "He who dies without having fought in the Cause of Allāh or without having thought of doing so, will die with one characteristic of hypocrisy in him.'' It is a different matter that one may not get a chance to take part in Jihad, but it would be a hypocritical attitude if one does not ever think that if an opportunity ever comes in his way, he will certainly go for
Jihad in the way of Allāh against the infidels. The reason to that is that, to stay back at home at the time of Jihad was
a habit of the hypocrites. He who neither performs a good deed nor aspires for it, has a hypocritical disposition. This is specially true of a Muslim who does not even aspire to take part in Jihad. Such a
Muslim develops a resemblance with hypocrites.
[13]. To persist in idolatry and hostilities towards the believers.
[14]. To be spent in the cause of Allāh.
[15]. The tribes of Banu Hāshim and Banu Abdul Muṭṭalib, who are not eligible for Zakah.
[16]. Muhammad, God's messenger ﷺ said on the pulpit: "Prepare against them 'the forces of evil and enemies of Peace'. whatever you are able of power": Indeed, power is in shooting. Indeed, power is in shooting. Indeed, power is in shooting."
This statement of the Prophet ﷺ explains the type of power that Muslims are commanded to adopt in combating the enemies: shooting, because it is more effective. When the verse was revealed, archery was prevalent. However, the miraculous indications of the verse suggest that this power is not time-bound. It involves all types and tools of shooting in any time and place, and with any weapon.
Muhammad, God's messenger ﷺ said: "Lands shall be laid open to you, and Allāh will suffice you (against your enemies), but none of you should neglect practicing his skill in archery.''
The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ happened to pass by a group of people who were having a shooting match. (Upon seeing them, he said, "Shoot, O sons of (Prophet) Ishmael, for your father was an archer.'' Arabs are also called Banu Isma`il because they are the descendants of Prophet Ibrahim's son,
Ishmael. This is the reason that Prophet Ibrahim is reckoned an ancestor of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for his being his descendant.
[17]. The hypocrites and the other deniers who are not a source of threat to you now but may be so in the future.
[19]. This is to further state the relation of the believers among themselves, so that they would abandon their other alliances with the deniers, who are ever allied with each other against the believers.