[2]. Palestine, Jordan and Syria.
[3]. the Romans, who were followers of the past Scriptures.
[4]. The Persians, who were Zoroastrians at that time.
[5]. I.e., the defeat of the Romans by Persians in 615 CE and the defeat of Persians by Romans in 625 CE.
[6]. The superficial aspects of the world is about the social conditions created by such deniers as live carnal, sensuous, lustful lives. They know the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life. The superficial aspects of the world it does not mean the sphere on which we live, but an environment created by such individuals who live contrary to God's teachings. We would not want to be free of our responsibility of being in the world by being taken out of the world, for this life is a probationary state. The world is our opportunity to prove ourselves. This is a part of the great Plan of Allāh, to be confronted with the things of the world that we might overcome them and be strengthened. We build security and strength in our lives by living the Qur’an and the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad. There is no cure for the ills of the world except the Qur’an that was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. Our hope for peace, spiritual prosperity, and for an eventual inheritance in the kingdom of God is found only in and through the Qur’an and the Sunnah. Everything in the world is not evil. There are many things of virtue, many great men and women working for the finer things of life, who have high standards and live righteously. But there is a great challenge in living in the world. The concern is not where we live - but how we live. Only obedience to the laws of Allāh and the tradition of His messenger, the Prophet Muhammad, will bring real happiness and peace. This life is beautiful when is guided by the Qur'an and Sunnah, the closer we are to these two sources, the easier the life is.
[7]. By transgressing the rights of their Creator.
[11]. I.e., offer ‘Asr prayer.
[12]. I.e., offer Zuhr prayer.
In a statement of the prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allāh be upon him, he said: "If there was a river at the door of anyone of you and he took a bath in it five times a day would you notice any dirt on him?" They said, "Not a trace of dirt would be left." The Prophet said: "That is the example of the five obligatory prayers with which Allāh blots out (annuls) evil deeds."
[13]. So how can you make some of God’s creatures partners to Him?
[14]. Because of his arrogance and persistent in sin.
[15]. The natural inborn inclination of man to worship his Creator alone, prior to the corruption of his nature by external influences.
[16]. Denominations: Catholicism, Protestantism, Orthodoxy, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, etc. Where do you turn for Truth? What is true is always true. When every person you meet holds a different standard of belief, where do you turn? We need a universal standard of truth around which people of all ages, races, and cultures can unite. And by the grace of God, we have one. That is God’s true religion, Islam.
[17]. Of beliefs, opinions, ancestral customs, etc., disregarding the true religion of God, Islam.
[18]. By associating partners in worship with Allāh, and by denying the Day of Resurrection and Judgment.
[20]. So as to make you impatient and depart from what you are upon of right conduct.Therefore stand firm. Let nothing move you from the stance of Islam. Always give yourselves fully to the worship of Allāh, because you know that your striving for Allāh is not in vain.