[1]. The periods of truce i.e., Muḥarram, Rajab, Dhul-Qaʿdah, and Dhul-Ḥijjah in the Islamic calendar.
[2]. This applies especially to combatant pagans who broke the peace treaty and posed a threat to Muslims.
[3]. I.e., the Qur’an.
[4]. When the Prophet (ﷺ) died and Abu Bakr became his successor and some of the Arabs reverted to idolatry, `Umar said, "O Abu Bakr! How can you fight these people although Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'I have been ordered to fight the people till they say: 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah, 'and whoever said, 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah', Allah will save his property and his life from me, unless (he does something for which he receives legal punishment) justly, and his account will be with Allāh?' "Abu Bakr said, "By Allāh! I will fight whoever differentiates between prayers and Zakat as Zakat is the right to be taken from property (according to Allah's Orders). By Allāh! If they refused to pay me even a she-kid they used to pay to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), I would fight with them for withholding it." `Umar said, "By Allah: It was nothing, but I noticed that Allah opened Abu Bakr's chest towards the decision to fight, therefore I realized that his decision was right."
[5]. Those who were subjected to oppression and were persecuted.
[6]. They did disbelief by both their words and deeds. They installed idols in and around the Sanctified Mosque, even inside the Kaʿbah itself, prayed to them and performed devotional acts of worship in their names, thus associated them with Almighty Allāh.
[7]. Not all the army of believers retreated, especially the sincerest early migrant and helper companions, not to mention the noblest Prophet ﷺ himself.
[8]. Such as usury, eating pork, drinking alcohol, sexual immorality, etc.
[9]. I.e., Islam, but follow superstitions and erroneous beliefs, such as the doctrine of the trinity, adoring the cross, or that Jesus Christ is the supposed manifestation, human personification, or incarnation of the One true God - Allāh.
[10]. Protection tax, for those who are able.
[11]. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said: "Those Jews who worshipped Ezra will be called upon and it will be said to them, 'Who do you used to worship?' They will say, 'We used to worship Ezra, the son of God.' It will be said to them, 'You are liars, for Allāh (God) has never taken anyone as a son, whereupon they will be gathered unto Hell (Fire). Afterwards the Christians will be called upon and it will be said to them, 'Who do you used to worship?' They will say, 'We used to worship Jesus, the son of God.' It will be said to them, 'You are liars, for Allāh has never taken anyone as a son,' whereupon they will be gathered unto Hell (Fire)". The core concept of Islam is monotheism, affirming one God and (proclaiming): worship and serve Allāh only and shun false gods. All the prophets such as Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Muhammad all called to Islamic Monotheism. Buddha, Krishna or many other wrongly considered divine figures called to worship Allāh alone. Those who are devotees of other gods and who worship them with faith actually worship Satan. There is no true god but Allāh only. Therefore, those who worship the demigods will be in hell among the demigods; those who worship the ancestors go to the disbelieving ancestors; those who worship ghosts and spirits will be among such beings; and those who worship Allāh alone will live eternally in Paradise.
[12]. Saying that Allāh has taken to Himself a son, as pagans before them said that angels are God's daughters.
[13]. The 1st, 7th, 11th, and 12th months of Islamic calendar.
[14]. In particular, and during all the months of the year in general.
[15]. The second was his companion, Abu Bakr.
[16]. I.e., their claims and slogans of disbelief.
[17]. I.e., "Laa ilaaha illal laah" (there is no true deity except Allāh).
[18]. i.e., young or old, lightly or heavily armed, riding or walking, in ease or in hardship - in all circumstances and conditions.
[19]. The moral Way to Peace.
[20]. To be exempted from fighting for the Cause of Allāh.
[21]. By avoiding their obligations, they fell into trial.
[22]. The hypocrites claim to have protected themselves by remaining behind from the Jihâd (i.e., going to war to establish justice, peace, and order).
[23]. Regardless of the trials we face, we know that true happiness comes to all who maintain their complete trust in Allāh.
[24]. The basic principle of almsgiving, or Zakat in Islam is not an act of individual kindness, but a grave social obligation that must be fulfilled. The underlying logic behind it is that Allāh, the One, All-powerful and Supremely benevolent God we believe in didn’t miscalculate when He created the world, nor failed to provide enough resources for all of his creatures to enjoy decent enough material existence. Therefore, there is more than enough wealth in the world for everyone to go around; and if some people appropriate most of it just for themselves while leaving others to squalor in poverty, that can only be in direct violation of Divine plan. Hence, wealthy individuals can justify themselves before Allāh only if they willingly share their wealth with others, and use it to provide for the needy; and in doing so, they do not display any great virtue or moral superiority on their part, but the basic minimum to remain members of their communities. Not giving to the poor when you’re able to makes you a sinner; while giving to the poor restores you to the human baseline in the eyes of Allāh and purifies you from sins and miserliness and elevtes you.
[25]. I.e., neglected the devotion that is due to Him from them.
[26]. i.e., abandoned them in the Hellfire.
[27]. To murder the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.
[28]. Being away from sources of knowledge by not mixing with the knowledgeable Companions of the Messenger ﷺ.
[29]. from Makkah to Madinah, for the sake of their religion.
[30]. From Madinah, who helped and gave aid to the Prophet u and those who emigrated.
[31]. I.e., to increase their wealth, good manners, pious deeds, and reward them both in this world and in the Hereafter.
[32]. That they give in good causes, seeking His face.
[33]. Now that they have been given a new lease of life with the gracious acceptance of their repentance, they are to show their true mettle and make up for the chances of getting rewards for good deeds they had wasted. By working hard they should help the Cause of Allāh and the needy and remember always that It is more blessed to give than to receive.
Muhammad, God's Messenger ﷺ said, “The upper hand is better than the lower hand. The upper hand is one that gives and the lower hand is one that receives. Begin (charity) with those who are under your care; and the best charity is that which given out of surplus; and he who asks (Allah) to help him abstain from the unlawful and the forbidden, Allah will fulfill his wish; and he who seeks self-sufficiency will be made self-sufficient by Allah".
[34]. Besides those who admitted their sins.
[35]. Muhammad, the Messenger of God ﷺ said, “Cleanliness is half of faith”.
Doing ablution and showering regularly. Keeping nails a suitable length and cleaning under them. Thoroughly brushing your teeth regularly. Washing your hands before and after mealtimes and after going to the bathroom are all exhorted in Islam. We must also give much care to the cleanness of our hearts and purifying ourselves from the sins. Cleanliness is important, for it builds up a healthy environment that facilitates physical and mental well-being and growth. Therefore, its individual, as well as collective importance cannot be denied. Cleaning the environment is the key to the existence and survival of life on planet earth. Maintaining a clean environment reduces pollution, preserves our biosphere, protects endangered species, and helps preserve the earth’s natural resources. In society, the state of cleanliness represents the mindset of its inhabitants. It is more pleasant to spend time in a clean and tidy home than one that is cluttered and messy. Not only is it pleasing to have a well-organised space, but it can also be beneficial to your mental and physical health.
[36]. Like the mosque of Quba.
[37]. Like masjid al-dirar (mosque of harm).
[38]. The mosque of harm.
[39]. I.e., till their death
[40]. Muhammad, God's Messenger ﷺ said, “Allāh laughs at two men, one of them killed the other, yet they both entered Paradise. This one fought in the way of Allāh and was killed, then his killer repented and was also martyred.”
[41]. These are Kaʿab Ibn Mālik, Hilāl Ibn Umayyah, and Murārah Ibn Al-Rabīʿ, who were sincere companions but, for one reason or another and without valid excuses, failed to join the Messenger ﷺ in his campaign to Tabuk.
[42]. Whose case was deferred for Decree of Allāh.
[43]. The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said, "Truthfulness leads to righteousness, and righteousness leads to Paradise. And a man keeps on telling the truth until he becomes a truthful person. Lying leads to wickedness, and wickedness leads to the Hellfire, and a man may keep on telling lies till he is written before Allāh, a liar."
Telling the truth is a vital habit for Muslims to live out as they are surrendering their lives to Allāh. They need always to live the truth, to cease and put off falsehood, and to speak truthfully to all people. We must strive for truth in our words and actions.
Whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is of good repute, if there is any excellence and if anything worthy of praise, dwell on these things.
[44]. Muhammad, the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said, "Fight for the Cause of Allāh and in His name, against the disbelievers in Allāh. Fight them, but do not breach your contracts or truces, do not mutilate, and do not kill a child...." And he (ﷺ) said: "Do not kill a woman or slave."
This is also in compliance with the directions and the recommendation of the succeeding Muslim Caliphs to their
military leaders upon commissioning them for Jihad, saying, "Listen and obey the following commands and instructions: Do not betray any one (if you give a pledge). Do not steal from the war booties. Do not
breach your pledge of allegiance. Do not mutilate the body of the killed enemy fighters or deceased. Do not kill a child
or a minor. Do not kill an elderly man or woman. Do not uproot a date palm tree (or any other trees) and do not burn them either. Do not cut or destroy a fruit tree. Do not slaughter a female sheep, a cow or a camel except for your (required) food. You surely will pass by some people who isolate themselves and are secluded for worship of Allāh as monks and else, thus leave them alone and do not disturb them. You will, surely, pass by a group of people who shaved the hair in the center of their heads, and left the surrounding hair long braids: it is allowed to fight and kill these people as they are the warriors of the enemies who carry their weapons against you. Go ahead, with the name of Allāh. "
The prisoners of war are not to be tortured, humiliated, or mutilated. They are not to be imprisoned in tight claustrophobic prison cells without adequate food and drink thus causing them to die."
Contrary to these wise teachings in Islam, Christians reject the belief that the Bible has been corrupted. However, they cannot explain disturbing verses in the Bible such as: Samuel 15:3 which says, 'Now go, attack the Amalekites and totally destroy all that belongs to them. Do not spare them; put to death men and women, children and infants, cattle and sheep, camels and donkeys.’
Numbers 31:17-18, says 'Now kill all the boys. And kill every woman who has slept with a man, but save for yourselves every girl who has never slept with a man."
That is from their scripture, but it is not for sure from the original scripture of God.
They say it is from God, but it is not really from God.
The truth is that their scriptures have been altered and corrupted by human hands.
[45]. the idolaters and the hypocrites - refraining from believing in you.