[30]. I.e., the sacred land - the region between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean, including Jerusalem.
Allāh, the Most High, decreed that they would wander in the land for forty years as a punishment for their sins.
[31]. I.e., Abel, as he offered the best from his flocks of sheep.
[32]. I.e., Cain, as he offered the worst of his harvest.
[33]. The sin of killing me.
[34]. The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said: “No soul ever gets killed unjustifiably, unless the early son of Adam 'Cain' shoulders some of the burden of its blood, for he was the first human to spill blood on Earth."